Malaysia faces a shortage of affordable houses for the masses, Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) warned in a report that also disclosed data showing houses in the country were ”seriously unaffordable" in 2016 by international standards.
The central bank outlined five strategies to overcome the issue, including centralising affordable housing initiatives and setting up an integrated housing database and an applicant registry for planning and allocating affordable housing.
It also suggested reducing the cost barrier to affordable housing, rehabilitating household balance sheets by enhancing financial literacy and improving the rental market by strengthening the legal framework.
"The housing affordability issue is largely due to the supply-demand mismatch and slower income growth,” the central bank said.
BNM estimated the maximum affordable house price in the country to be RM282,000 based on the housing cost burden approach.
"However, actual median house price was RM313,000 (in 2016), beyond the means of many households, where the median national household income was only RM5,228," it said in its quarterly bulletin released today.
The bank reiterated that undersupply of affordable houses remained an issue.
It outlined three factors contributing to housing unaffordability in Malaysia: mismatch between supply and demand for housing, new launches skewed towards the unaffordable range, and growth in house prices outpacing that of household income.
“Since 2012, new housing supply has consistently fallen short of the increase in demand by households,” BNM said.
During the year up to the first quarter of 2017, only 24 percent of new launches were priced RM250,000 or less, a range that 35 percent of Malaysian households could afford.
The bulletin also revealed that from 2007 to 2016, house prices grew 9.8 percent while household income only increased 8.3 percent.
Structural, cyclical factors
The mismatch was most acute from 2012 to 2014, when the growth in house prices (26.5 percent) was more than double the growth in income levels (12.4 percent).
As a result of the supply-demand mismatch, BNM said, the level of total unsold residential properties in Malaysia stood at a decade-high of 146,497 units as at the second quarter (2Q) of 2017, an increase from 130,690 units in the preceding quarter.
In 2Q 2017, almost 82 percent of unsold units were priced above RM250,000.
The bank also noted that financing continued to be available for purchases of houses for eligible borrowers, with more than 70 percent of housing loans accorded to first-time buyers and close to two-thirds of new housing loans channelled to the purchase of houses costing below RM500,000.
On the supply side, structural and cyclical factors in the housing market in Malaysia have resulted in a failure of the market to provide an adequate supply of affordable housing for the masses while on the demand side, growth in household income has not kept up with the rise in house prices.
“Together with a low state of financial literacy among the majority of Malaysian households and a cultural preference towards home ownership instead of renting, these have contributed to the high demand for house purchases,” it added. - Bernama
