HISTORY: TOLD AS IT IS | This article, as part of the repeated calls for refreshing Malaysian history along inclusive lines, will hopefully serve as a reminder that the historical contributions of marginal groups are just as important in the development of our nation as the other dominant ethnic groups.

Despite being one of those close acquaintances to the British colonial circles in the early history of Kuala Lumpur, Kayarohanam Thamboosamy Pillai, born in Singapore in 1850, has been a largely ignored and under-appreciated Tamil elite. He was one of many historical figures, most of whom are similarly overlooked, who played remarkable roles in breaking down racial barriers in the development of our nation.

Pillai earned great respect among British administrators and individuals of all other races, including European high social elites, Malay aristocrats, Chinese capitalists, and of course, Indians from the upper and lower echelons.

His ability to win and hold unwavering respect during his days of engaging with all of these social classes, particularly in Kuala Lumpur between 1874 and 1902, was a significant achievement in and of itself. It was the time after the British had officially intervened in Malaya, ushering in the creation of a racialised social hierarchical structure, the legacy of which can still be seen today.

During his active social and professional years in Kuala Lumpur, Pillai climbed to establish considerable rapport with elite groups, particularly among the capitalist and colonial administrative classes, as well as with non-elites. To some, he was a dedicated public servant, an industrious businessman, and a respectable elite. To many, he was a role model whose accomplishments went beyond simply carving out a niche for himself.

It was not an easy feat, however, for him to establish an outstanding reputation and eventually be regarded as an unofficial leader, or the ‘kapitan', of the Indian community in Kuala Lumpur.

Pillai's social influence stemmed in part from his inherent abilities, virtues, and a passionate temperament for rising through the ranks from his youth. It grew steadily over time, thanks in large part to his English fluency, an essential trait he acquired in Singapore where he was born and attended the elite Raffles College.

He clearly excelled in his command of the English language, allowing him to...